责任链的主要意图是创建一个处理单元链,当每个单元满足阀值后都处理请求。当链建立之后,如果一个单元没有满足,就会尝试下一个单元,依次下去,每个请求都会单独通过链。
责任链类图
责任链的Java代码
package designpatterns.cor; abstract class Chain { public static int One = 1; public static int Two = 2; public static int Three = 3; protected int Threshold; protected Chain next; public void setNext(Chain chain) { next = chain; } public void message(String msg, int priority) { //if the priority is less than Threshold it is handled if (priority <= Threshold) { writeMessage(msg); } if (next != null) { next.message(msg, priority); } } abstract protected void writeMessage(String msg);} class A extends Chain { public A(int threshold) { this.Threshold = threshold; } protected void writeMessage(String msg) { System.out.println("A: " + msg); }} class B extends Chain { public B(int threshold) { this.Threshold = threshold; } protected void writeMessage(String msg) { System.out.println("B: " + msg); }} class C extends Chain { public C(int threshold) { this.Threshold = threshold; } protected void writeMessage(String msg) { System.out.println("C: " + msg); }} public class ChainOfResponsibilityExample { private static Chain createChain() { // Build the chain of responsibility Chain chain1 = new A(Chain.Three); Chain chain2 = new B(Chain.Two); chain1.setNext(chain2); Chain chain3 = new C(Chain.One); chain2.setNext(chain3); return chain1; } public static void main(String[] args) { Chain chain = createChain(); chain.message("level 3", Chain.Three); chain.message("level 2", Chain.Two); chain.message("level 1", Chain.One); }}
输出
A: level 3A: level 2B: level 2A: level 1B: level 1C: level 1
在这个例子中,Leve1 通过了链中所以单元。 这是wiki中例子的简化: 责任链在Java JDK中使用 (PS:原文中没有下方了,但是Java中类加载器就是使用了责任链模式)